What is the Auto Focus?
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Auto Focus is to move the position of the entire lens by a small distance, control the focal length of the lens, and achieve a clear image, it is a common used method in mobile phone camera, and the auto focus is achieved by the working of VCM.
VCM Introduction
VCM the full name is Voice Coil Montor, the voice coil motor in electronics, is a kind of motor.
1. How VCM works？
VCM working principle is that in a permanent magnetic field, the stretching position of the spring is controlled by changing the DC current of the coil in the motor, thereby driving the lens up and down movement.
2. Advantages of VCM
It has the advantages of small size, high precision, good integration, high reliability, and can support high power, which significantly reduces the size and volume of the finished product and reduces the cost of the whole machine.
3. VCM classification
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A:VCM can be roughly divided into three categories from the structure:
B:VCM can be roughly divided into five categories in terms of functions:
Mobile phone cameras widely use VCM to achieve auto-focus function. Through VCM, the position of the lens can be adjusted to present a clear image.
Auto Focus how to realize by VCM?
The VCM of the mobile phone camera needs the driver IC to complete the focusing. The driver IC controls the power supply current of the VCM to determine the moving distance of the lens mounted on the VCM, so as to adjust to the appropriate position to capture a clear image.
After entering the auto-focusing mode, the Driver moves from 0 to the maximum value, so that the lens moves from the original position to the maximum displacement. At this time, the sensor imaging surface automatically captures pictures and saves them in the DSP. The DSP calculates each picture through these pictures. MTF (Modulation transfer function) value, so as to find the maximum value in this MTF curve, and through the algorithm, get the current size corresponding to this point, once again instruct the Driver to provide this current to the voice coil, and stabilize the lens on this imaging surface , so that automatic focus is achieved.
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The pixels are bigger, and there are more pixels, so the overall sensor is almost twice as big on the specification comparison. In fact it is nearly as big as the High-Q camera - smaller diagonal, but higher aspect ratio, so the long dimension is bigger on Camera Module 3 and the short dimension is bigger on High-Q camera.
This brings bigger design questions in the optics modules, to make use of that larger sensor area might mean a longer optical train - There is a bit of a thread here. @r.w.bowman any thoughts?
Of course, one could just keep the same optical train and then only use the central part of the sensor. Camera V1, also had 1.4µm pixels and gave 5MP which is still probably more than the actual optical resolution of the system. With fewer, bigger, pixels than V2, and a newer sensor design one would hope that the noise is quite a bit better. By cropping we could also use more of the useful optical image area with a nearly square crop to 3.68mm wide (width of image circle designed for the V2 camera) by 3.63mm high (limited by the height of the V3 camera), which gives nearly 7MP. Having significantly more pixels than needed for the optical resolution would just bloat the image sizes.
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