In the context of carbon neutrality that has become a global development strategy, new energy sources have increasingly become the focus, among which wind energy and photovoltaics have become more important. At the same time, wind energy and photovoltaics are also controversial.
This is a misunderstanding. Wind energy and photovoltaics naturally have a problem of instability. For example, the amount of photovoltaic power generation varies from region to region. In 8,760 hours a year, the photovoltaic power generation capacity in different regions of China is between 1100 hours and more than 2,000 hours, and there are not many areas that exceed more than 2,000 hours. In other words, 1/6-1/5 stable power generation can be provided every year. If energy storage technology is used, its cost is currently difficult to completely replace thermal power technology in the foreseeable future.
Advantages of photovoltaic power generation
1. Power generation cost
The current cost of wind power is lower than the cost of photovoltaics. However, photovoltaic technology is a semiconductor electronic technology, wind power is biased towards mechanical manufacturing, and photovoltaic technology is iterated faster, and the ability to reduce costs is stronger. And with the advancement of technologies such as silicon wafers and cells, the cost of solar photovoltaic power generation is expected to continue to drop significantly in the future. Therefore, from a long-term perspective, the cost of photovoltaics is expected to match or even be lower than the cost of wind power.
2. Floor area
The construction area of the 20 MW photovoltaic power station is much larger than that of wind power generation. The fixed installation photovoltaic power station covers an area of about 667 acres, while the 20 MW wind farm covers an area of only about 50 acres.
3. Application scenarios
Solar PV needs to reach a certain level of light intensity to generate electricity, and wind power depends on the local wind intensity to generate electricity. But compared with the two, wind power is more unstable. Photovoltaic application scenarios are more extensive, and it is easier to penetrate rural areas and households.
4. Easy to maintain
Because the rotating part of the wind power generation impeller is a mechanical rotating structure, it is prone to mechanical failure, and the failure is not easy to diagnose, and the maintenance workload is large. All photovoltaic power generation equipment is static components, and there is no problem with mechanical wear. Only simple training for a small number of operating personnel can complete the monitoring and maintenance of the operation of the power station.
5. Impact on the environment
Wind power has a greater impact on the environment. The wind turbines of coastal wind farms are mostly distributed on ridges and mountain tops, and there are many vegetation damage points, which can easily cause water and soil erosion problems. Moreover, during the operation of the wind turbine, greater mechanical noise and eddy current noise will be produced.
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