What are the Different Types of insulators
In this article you will read about insulator, types of insulators, uses of insulator, advantage and disadvantages of insulator.
What are the Electrical insulatorsInsulator is not the same as conductor. Conductors are the materials which is responsible for the conduction of electricity in other words the conductor provide the easier path to flow the charges.in the case of insulator, insulator are the materials which do not allow the electrical charges to flow freely in it. The efficiency of the insulator is determined based on how much resistance it provides to the flow of electricity. This property is known for its resistivity.
However, the conductor allows the electrical charges to flow freely in it. This property of the conductor is called conductivity.
The perfect insulation does not exist because insulator itself have some free electron which can carry current in addition electrical breakdown can occurs in insulator, when a large voltage is applied that the electric field tears electron away from the atoms. The voltage at which the insulator become conductor is called breakdown voltage of the insulator.
Glass, paper and PTFE are good insulators because its resistivity is very high. These materials can prevent a large amount of current from flowing. Insulators are used in electrical equipment to separate the conductors and to prevent short circuits.
Example of the insulator
some examples of insulator:
Properties of an Electrical InsulatorsInsulators are those materials which do not possess free electron which is responsible for the conduction. Most of the metals are poor conductors and good insulators because of the lack of free electron. Those materials which have large resistivity value provide greater resistance to the electric current. The conductivity and resistivity of materials depend upon the value of its ohmmeter. For instance, glass has a resistivity value of 10 rest of power 12 ohmmeter as compared to copper the resistivity value of copper is 10 rest of power -12
The property which impacts the potency of an insulator are:
Uses of an electrical insulator
When insulation coating is applied to electric wire then the wire is called insulated wire. Sometimes air is used instead of coating. When wires touch each other, it produces a cross connection or short circuit.
The printed circuit board is made from epoxy plastic and fiber glass and the conductive board has a layer of copper foil conductor. In high voltage application liquid insulator oil is generally used for the prevention of arcs. Other insulation materials include ceramic, glass wire holder, gas, vacuum. Most insulated wires have maximum rating of voltage and temperature.
Class1 and class 2 insulatorclass 1 insulator require is the metal body and other metals are connected to earth or ground but only need basic insulation on the conductor.
In class 2 insulation means that the device is double insulated. This is used in appliances such as electric shavers, hair dryers and portable power tools. The device will be basic and additional insulation.
Application of an Electrical Insulator
Insulators are the materials witch tightly bound the electron to prevent them from floating from one atom to another atom, which prevent the conduction of electrical charges. Insulator is many applications in the industry of electrical engineering
Types of electrical insulation in overhead linesElectrical insulation is classified into three types based on voltage levels and applications.
pin, suspension and strain are used for high voltage application while another two stay and shackle insulator are used in low voltage application.
What are the Pin insulators
Pin type insulator is the newly developed overhead insulator, but it is still commonly used in electrical transmission up to 33kV. Pin type insulator can be one part, two-part, three part it depends upon the application of voltages.
In 11 kV transmission system generally used one part pin type insulator which is made from the porcelain or glass. The leakage path of the insulator is through its surface, so it is best to increase the vertical length of the insulator surface area of the leakage path. One or two or more rain sheds or petticoats are provided on the body of insulator for the long leakage path.
The rain sheds or petticoats are design in such a way that during rain the outer surface of the insulator are become wet, but the inner surface of the insulator is dry and non-conductive
In higher voltage like 33KV and 66KV the one-part insulator is not suitable so for higher voltage the thicker pin type insulator is required to offer sufficient insulation. In this case the multiple parts of pin type insulator is combined to make a thicker one where properly designed porcelain shells are fixed together by Portland cement. Generally, two-part pin insulator is used for 33kv, and three parts pin insulators are used for 66kv system.
Designing consideration of Pin insulatorThe live conductor is attached to the top of the pin insulator, the bottom is fixed to the supporting structure of the earth. The insulator is to withstand the potential stresses between earth and conductor.
The outer surface becomes conducting when the insulator is wet, and it decreases the flashover distance, and the design of electrical insulator should be like to the decrease of flashover distance will be minimum. That is why the outer surface of the insulator is like an umbrella to prevent the other area of insulator from rain from becoming wet.
The rain shed of the insulator are made in such a way that it should not disturb the voltage distribution
post insulator is like the pin insulator, but it designs for high voltage application. Post insulator has a high number of petticoats. This type of insulator can be used for supporting structure horizontally as well as vertically.
Difference Between Pin and Post Insulator
The main difference between pin and post type insulator
what are Pin Type Insulators
It Is used up to 33kv.
It is a single stage.
Conductor is fixed on the top of insulator.
In this type two insulator cannot be fixed for high voltage application
In this type of insulator, the metal is fixed at the bottom only.
What are Post type insulators
It generally used for lower and higher application.
It can be single or multiple stages.
Conductor is fixed on the top of the insulator with the help of clamp.
In this type of more insulators can be fixed for higher application
Metal is fixed at the top and bottom end.
Beyond 33kv we cannot use pin insulator because of size and weight more, using bigger size single unit of insulator are more difficult to overcome this problem we use suspension insulatorsuspension insulator.
in suspension insulator the series of insulators is connected in series which form a string like structure and the line conductor is carried out by the bottom most insulator. In suspension type insulator each insulator is called disk because of its disk like shape.
Advantages of Suspension Insulator
Each suspension disc is design for voltage rating of 11kv to 15kv so if use different number of discs it can be suitable for any voltage level.
The damage insulation disc can be replaced Easly.
Its mechanical stress is less.
The current carrying conductor is suspended from the supporting structure, the conductor will be safe from the lighting because the Hight of the conductor position is less than the total Hight.
Disadvantages of Suspension Insulator
Suspension insulator is costly then pin and post type insulator.
It required more Hight of supporting structure then pin and post.
The amplitude of free swing of conductor is larger.
What are the Strain Insulators
When there is a dead end or a sharp corner in the transmission line the strain conductor refers to, the line must sustain a great tinsel load of conductor. A stain insulator must have great mechanical strength and necessary insulation property.
Specification of an Electrical InsulatorRated system voltage.
Number of disc insulator which is used in strain type tension insulator string.
Number of disc insulator which is used in suspension insulator string.
33KV
3
3
66KV
5
4
132KV
9
8
220KV
15
14
What are the Stay Insulators
In low voltage line the stays are insulated from the ground at a Hight. This insulator is used in a stay therefore it is called a stay insulator and usually it is made from porcelain, and it is designed for the purpose that in any case of breakage of the insulator the wire will not fall to the ground.
What are the Shackle Insulators
Shackle insulator is also called spool insulator and it is used in low distribution Netwerk. It can be used in both horizontal and vertical positions. The use of this insulator is decrease after the using of underground cables increase for distribution.
The spool insulator or shackle insulator distribute the load Easly because of the tapered hole in the insulator. Spool insulator also minimizes the chance of breakage during heavy loading.
FAQ on electrical insulator
Question no1: what are electrical insulators?
Ans: insulator are the materials which do not allow the electrical chares to flow because it offers high resistance to the electrical current.
see also.
In electricity and electronics, insulators are used for blocking the flow of electric current to the undesired sections or even directions. If many conductors are close to each other, the insulator does the work of isolating them. This prevents cases of short-circuiting.
In the overhead transmission lines, insulators are used for preventing the leakage of the electric current. Keep in mind that poles and towers support these transmission lines. There are different types of insulators for transmission lines. They include strain insulator, pin insulator suspension insulator, among others.
In this guide, our focus will be on suspension insulators. I will guide you about it and how you should choose the right suspension insulator for the project.
A suspension insulator, which is also known as a strain insulator, is a type of insulator designed to protect the overhead power line. The insulating materials for this insulator comprise discs connected to each other by string-like metal links.
The transmission line conductor is suspended at the bottom side of the suspension string, which connects directly to the pole or tower.
Here are different insulation materials that are used on the suspension insulators. They include porcelain, glass, polymer, ceramic, and crystals such as quartz.
The main difference between pin insulator and suspension type insulator is their insulation capacity. Suspension insulator is ideal for transmission lines with more than 33Kv. The transmission line voltage will dictate the number of discs to be used on the suspension insulator.
The ability to overcome the pin insulator’s limitation capacity is the main reason why suspension insulators are preferred for most transmission lines. Of course, you have to keep in mind all other technical and non-technical factors before deciding whether to use a pin insulator or suspension insulator.
A suspension insulator for an overhead powerline comprises two major components. These are the cross-arms and the disc insulators, which are coupled up by metallic links. These suspension insulator parts work as a system to protect the transmission line.
A complete set of suspension insulator is manufactured by stringing the disc insulators using the metallic string. The connection of the insulators is in series.
For the pole lines where the conductor is suspended from the insulator’s bottom section, cross-arms are used for securing the insulator in place. The cross-arm also guarantees the stability of the insulator.
Each disc for a suspension insulator is designed to have a low voltage. For example, a single disc of the insulator can be calibrated to have 11 kV. The discs are connected in series, and the desired voltage will determine the number of discs to be used on the insulator.
The series connection of the insulation of the discs provides maximum independence of the insulator. This is to say that the performance of one disc does not depend on the others. In the event that one disc fails, the rest will remain unaffected.
Suspension type insulators are grouped into different categories. In terms of the design, the insulator can be a cap-and-pin type or an interlink suspension insulator.
The cap and the pin type insulator comprises a forged steel cap and a galvanized steel connected to a porcelain material. A ball clevis and a socket are used to complete the connection.
On the other hand, an interlink type insulator comprises two curved sections that are joined together at an angle of 90 degrees.
In terms of the insulating material, suspension type insulators are divided into composite suspension insulator, porcelain suspension insulator, polymer suspension insulators, and glass suspension insulators.
When choosing the types of suspension insulators, it is important to analyze your requirements and know the type that will work for your application.
If you are pondering on whether to buy suspension insulators or not, here are some of the reasons that can convince you to go ahead with that move:
-The insulator is suitable for high-voltage transmission lines. Unlike the pin insulator, whose maximum capacity is 33kV, suspension insulator can provide insulation for the transmission lines that are rated more than 33kV.
-The insulator is very versatile. Even though the suspension insulator is applicable for the high voltage transmission lines, you can still use it on the low voltage conductors. It is also possible to increase the insulating capacity of the insulator if there is an increase in voltage. It would be best if you bought extra insulation discs.
-Highly flexible: Once installed, suspension insulators do not remain rigid or transfixed at the same position. They are allowed to swing so as to cope with the ever-changing conditions. The flexibility minimizes the mechanical stress on the insulator hence lengthening their service life.
-Easy to maintain: Suspension insulators are made of strong materials that can last for a long time. It is also easy to replace the insulation disc in case they get damaged. You will focus on the affected disc without touching the others.
Despite the advantages, suspension type insulator also has some drawbacks. It tends to increase the spacing distance between the conductor. Also, the insulator is more expensive than the pin insulator. However, it still remains to be a viable investment for the transmission line.
Suspension insulator tool is used on both the high-voltage and low voltage transmission lines. Some of the applications include:
Are there other applications that you think deserve to be on this list? Talk to the suspension insulator manufacturers. They are capable of customizing the product to meet your specific power line needs.
Are you looking for the best suspension isolators for sale? Where you buy the insulator matters. Once you are sure about the insulator’s specifications, you should go ahead and look for reliable suspension insulator manufacturers and suppliers in China.
For this reason, we at Powertelcom are dedicated to manufacturing and selling this power line accessory. We are a global manufacturer of suspension insulators in China. We design, manufacture, and supply this product.
We have years of experience in this field, which explains why we are experts in this field. We are always eager to meet the needs of our customers. In case you would like to know about the suspension insulator price or any other information concerning the product, don’t hesitate to contact us.
Just the same as the string insulator, a suspension insulator is a flexible insulator string that consists of some disc insulators connected with each other by metal connections. It is mounted in the vertical position of the transmission lines.
There are two types of suspension insulators: cap and pin insulator and interlink insulator (also known as Hewlett type insulator). They are made of porcelain or glass.
A suspension insulator for an overhead line comprises two major components. These are the cross-arms and the disc insulators, which are coupled up by metallic links. These suspension insulator parts work as a system to protect the transmission line.
For the pole lines where the conductor is suspended from the insulator’s bottom section, cross-arms are used for securing the insulator in place.
In this article you will read about insulator, types of insulators, uses of insulator, advantage and disadvantages of insulator.
What are the Electrical insulatorsInsulator is not the same as conductor. Conductors are the materials which is responsible for the conduction of electricity in other words the conductor provide the easier path to flow the charges.in the case of insulator, insulator are the materials which do not allow the electrical charges to flow freely in it. The efficiency of the insulator is determined based on how much resistance it provides to the flow of electricity. This property is known for its resistivity.
However, the conductor allows the electrical charges to flow freely in it. This property of the conductor is called conductivity.
The perfect insulation does not exist because insulator itself have some free electron which can carry current in addition electrical breakdown can occurs in insulator, when a large voltage is applied that the electric field tears electron away from the atoms. The voltage at which the insulator become conductor is called breakdown voltage of the insulator.
Glass, paper and PTFE are good insulators because its resistivity is very high. These materials can prevent a large amount of current from flowing. Insulators are used in electrical equipment to separate the conductors and to prevent short circuits.
Example of the insulator
some examples of insulator:
Properties of an Electrical InsulatorsInsulators are those materials which do not possess free electron which is responsible for the conduction. Most of the metals are poor conductors and good insulators because of the lack of free electron. Those materials which have large resistivity value provide greater resistance to the electric current. The conductivity and resistivity of materials depend upon the value of its ohmmeter. For instance, glass has a resistivity value of 10 rest of power 12 ohmmeter as compared to copper the resistivity value of copper is 10 rest of power -12
The property which impacts the potency of an insulator are:
Uses of an electrical insulator
When insulation coating is applied to electric wire then the wire is called insulated wire. Sometimes air is used instead of coating. When wires touch each other, it produces a cross connection or short circuit.
The printed circuit board is made from epoxy plastic and fiber glass and the conductive board has a layer of copper foil conductor. In high voltage application liquid insulator oil is generally used for the prevention of arcs. Other insulation materials include ceramic, glass wire holder, gas, vacuum. Most insulated wires have maximum rating of voltage and temperature.
Class1 and class 2 insulatorclass 1 insulator require is the metal body and other metals are connected to earth or ground but only need basic insulation on the conductor.
In class 2 insulation means that the device is double insulated. This is used in appliances such as electric shavers, hair dryers and portable power tools. The device will be basic and additional insulation.
Application of an Electrical Insulator
Insulators are the materials witch tightly bound the electron to prevent them from floating from one atom to another atom, which prevent the conduction of electrical charges. Insulator is many applications in the industry of electrical engineering
Types of electrical insulation in overhead linesElectrical insulation is classified into three types based on voltage levels and applications.
pin, suspension and strain are used for high voltage application while another two stay and shackle insulator are used in low voltage application.
What are the Pin insulators
Pin type insulator is the newly developed overhead insulator, but it is still commonly used in electrical transmission up to 33kV. Pin type insulator can be one part, two-part, three part it depends upon the application of voltages.
In 11 kV transmission system generally used one part pin type insulator which is made from the porcelain or glass. The leakage path of the insulator is through its surface, so it is best to increase the vertical length of the insulator surface area of the leakage path. One or two or more rain sheds or petticoats are provided on the body of insulator for the long leakage path.
The rain sheds or petticoats are design in such a way that during rain the outer surface of the insulator are become wet, but the inner surface of the insulator is dry and non-conductive
In higher voltage like 33KV and 66KV the one-part insulator is not suitable so for higher voltage the thicker pin type insulator is required to offer sufficient insulation. In this case the multiple parts of pin type insulator is combined to make a thicker one where properly designed porcelain shells are fixed together by Portland cement. Generally, two-part pin insulator is used for 33kv, and three parts pin insulators are used for 66kv system.
Designing consideration of Pin insulatorThe live conductor is attached to the top of the pin insulator, the bottom is fixed to the supporting structure of the earth. The insulator is to withstand the potential stresses between earth and conductor.
The outer surface becomes conducting when the insulator is wet, and it decreases the flashover distance, and the design of electrical insulator should be like to the decrease of flashover distance will be minimum. That is why the outer surface of the insulator is like an umbrella to prevent the other area of insulator from rain from becoming wet.
The rain shed of the insulator are made in such a way that it should not disturb the voltage distribution
post insulator is like the pin insulator, but it designs for high voltage application. Post insulator has a high number of petticoats. This type of insulator can be used for supporting structure horizontally as well as vertically.
Difference Between Pin and Post Insulator
The main difference between pin and post type insulator
what are Pin Type Insulators
It Is used up to 33kv.
It is a single stage.
Conductor is fixed on the top of insulator.
In this type two insulator cannot be fixed for high voltage application
In this type of insulator, the metal is fixed at the bottom only.
What are Post type insulators
It generally used for lower and higher application.
It can be single or multiple stages.
Conductor is fixed on the top of the insulator with the help of clamp.
In this type of more insulators can be fixed for higher application
Metal is fixed at the top and bottom end.
Beyond 33kv we cannot use pin insulator because of size and weight more, using bigger size single unit of insulator are more difficult to overcome this problem we use suspension insulator.
in suspension insulator the series of insulators is connected in series which form a string like structure and the line conductor is carried out by the bottom most insulator. In suspension type insulator each insulator is called disk because of its disk like shape.
Advantages of Suspension Insulator
Each suspension disc is design for voltage rating of 11kv to 15kv so if use different number of discs it can be suitable for any voltage level.
The damage insulation disc can be replaced Easly.
Its mechanical stress is less.
The current carrying conductor is suspended from the supporting structure, the conductor will be safe from the lighting because the Hight of the conductor position is less than the total Hight.
For more information, please visit through bolt vs carriage bolt.
Disadvantages of Suspension Insulator
Suspension insulator is costly then pin and post type insulator.
It required more Hight of supporting structure then pin and post.
The amplitude of free swing of conductor is larger.
What are the Strain Insulators
When there is a dead end or a sharp corner in the transmission line the strain conductor refers to, the line must sustain a great tinsel load of conductor. A stain insulator must have great mechanical strength and necessary insulation property.
Specification of an Electrical InsulatorRated system voltage.
Number of disc insulator which is used in strain type tension insulator string.
Number of disc insulator which is used in suspension insulator string.
33KV
3
3
66KV
5
4
132KV
9
8
220KV
15
14
What are the Stay Insulators
In low voltage line the stays are insulated from the ground at a Hight. This insulator is used in a stay therefore it is called a stay insulator and usually it is made from porcelain, and it is designed for the purpose that in any case of breakage of the insulator the wire will not fall to the ground.
What are the Shackle Insulators
Shackle insulator is also called spool insulator and it is used in low distribution Netwerk. It can be used in both horizontal and vertical positions. The use of this insulator is decrease after the using of underground cables increase for distribution.
The spool insulator or shackle insulator distribute the load Easly because of the tapered hole in the insulator. Spool insulator also minimizes the chance of breakage during heavy loading.
FAQ on electrical insulator
Question no1: what are electrical insulators?
Ans: insulator are the materials which do not allow the electrical chares to flow because it offers high resistance to the electrical current.
see also.
In electricity and electronics, insulators are used for blocking the flow of electric current to the undesired sections or even directions. If many conductors are close to each other, the insulator does the work of isolating them. This prevents cases of short-circuiting.
In the overhead transmission lines, insulators are used for preventing the leakage of the electric current. Keep in mind that poles and towers support these transmission lines. There are different types of insulators for transmission lines. They include strain insulator, pin insulator suspension insulator, among others.
In this guide, our focus will be on suspension insulators. I will guide you about it and how you should choose the right suspension insulator for the project.
A suspension insulator, which is also known as a strain insulator, is a type of insulator designed to protect the overhead power line. The insulating materials for this insulator comprise discs connected to each other by string-like metal links.
The transmission line conductor is suspended at the bottom side of the suspension string, which connects directly to the pole or tower.
Here are different insulation materials that are used on the suspension insulators. They include porcelain, glass, polymer, ceramic, and crystals such as quartz.
The main difference between pin insulator and suspension type insulator is their insulation capacity. Suspension insulator is ideal for transmission lines with more than 33Kv. The transmission line voltage will dictate the number of discs to be used on the suspension insulator.
The ability to overcome the pin insulator’s limitation capacity is the main reason why suspension insulators are preferred for most transmission lines. Of course, you have to keep in mind all other technical and non-technical factors before deciding whether to use a pin insulator or suspension insulator.
A suspension insulator for an overhead powerline comprises two major components. These are the cross-arms and the disc insulators, which are coupled up by metallic links. These suspension insulator parts work as a system to protect the transmission line.
A complete set of suspension insulator is manufactured by stringing the disc insulators using the metallic string. The connection of the insulators is in series.
For the pole lines where the conductor is suspended from the insulator’s bottom section, cross-arms are used for securing the insulator in place. The cross-arm also guarantees the stability of the insulator.
Each disc for a suspension insulator is designed to have a low voltage. For example, a single disc of the insulator can be calibrated to have 11 kV. The discs are connected in series, and the desired voltage will determine the number of discs to be used on the insulator.
The series connection of the insulation of the discs provides maximum independence of the insulator. This is to say that the performance of one disc does not depend on the others. In the event that one disc fails, the rest will remain unaffected.
Suspension type insulators are grouped into different categories. In terms of the design, the insulator can be a cap-and-pin type or an interlink suspension insulator.
The cap and the pin type insulator comprises a forged steel cap and a galvanized steel connected to a porcelain material. A ball clevis and a socket are used to complete the connection.
On the other hand, an interlink type insulator comprises two curved sections that are joined together at an angle of 90 degrees.
In terms of the insulating material, suspension type insulators are divided into composite suspension insulator, porcelain suspension insulator, polymer suspension insulators, and glass suspension insulators.
When choosing the types of suspension insulators, it is important to analyze your requirements and know the type that will work for your application.
If you are pondering on whether to buy suspension insulators or not, here are some of the reasons that can convince you to go ahead with that move:
-The insulator is suitable for high-voltage transmission lines. Unlike the pin insulator, whose maximum capacity is 33kV, suspension insulator can provide insulation for the transmission lines that are rated more than 33kV.
-The insulator is very versatile. Even though the suspension insulator is applicable for the high voltage transmission lines, you can still use it on the low voltage conductors. It is also possible to increase the insulating capacity of the insulator if there is an increase in voltage. It would be best if you bought extra insulation discs.
-Highly flexible: Once installed, suspension insulators do not remain rigid or transfixed at the same position. They are allowed to swing so as to cope with the ever-changing conditions. The flexibility minimizes the mechanical stress on the insulator hence lengthening their service life.
-Easy to maintain: Suspension insulators are made of strong materials that can last for a long time. It is also easy to replace the insulation disc in case they get damaged. You will focus on the affected disc without touching the others.
Despite the advantages, suspension type insulator also has some drawbacks. It tends to increase the spacing distance between the conductor. Also, the insulator is more expensive than the pin insulator. However, it still remains to be a viable investment for the transmission line.
Suspension insulator tool is used on both the high-voltage and low voltage transmission lines. Some of the applications include:
Are there other applications that you think deserve to be on this list? Talk to the suspension insulator manufacturers. They are capable of customizing the product to meet your specific power line needs.
Are you looking for the best suspension isolators for sale? Where you buy the insulator matters. Once you are sure about the insulator’s specifications, you should go ahead and look for reliable suspension insulator manufacturers and suppliers in China.
For this reason, we at Powertelcom are dedicated to manufacturing and selling this power line accessory. We are a global manufacturer of suspension insulators in China. We design, manufacture, and supply this product.
We have years of experience in this field, which explains why we are experts in this field. We are always eager to meet the needs of our customers. In case you would like to know about the suspension insulator price or any other information concerning the product, don’t hesitate to contact us.
Just the same as the string insulator, a suspension insulator is a flexible insulator string that consists of some disc insulators connected with each other by metal connections. It is mounted in the vertical position of the transmission lines.
There are two types of suspension insulators: cap and pin insulator and interlink insulator (also known as Hewlett type insulator). They are made of porcelain or glass.
A suspension insulator for an overhead line comprises two major components. These are the cross-arms and the disc insulators, which are coupled up by metallic links. These suspension insulator parts work as a system to protect the transmission line.
For the pole lines where the conductor is suspended from the insulator’s bottom section, cross-arms are used for securing the insulator in place.
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