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For example, fiber optic intrusion detection systems are used in railway, mass-transit, and sub-way platforms. The platform senses movements along defined paths, and intrusion detection along hallways or in front of doorways or hatches that access secure areas.
The FiberStrike® LCM-940 pedestrian sensing platform uses UV light and fiber optic sensors to detect pedestrians in specific, secure locations, or restricted areas. The platform is a fiber-optic intrusion sensor system that can act as a “first alert” to trigger security cameras or alarms. The technology provides Point Detection Sensing to ascertain exact points of intrusion.
The use of fiber optic sensors as a physical security solution has multiple benefits. The key feature of FiberStrike® systems is the response time to an event which averages at 1.5 seconds. Since the sensors are passive, non-conductive, require no electrical power, and emit no signal, the connection will not be disrupted if power is cut. They cannot be bypassed without detection, and they are superior to traditional electro-mechanical sensors due to their resistance to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference, lightning, and corrosion.
The intrusion detection platform may be directly buried, providing the capability to determine the location of pedestrian and vehicle traffic intrusion events over distances of many kilometers. Intrusion event location accuracy is approximately equal to fiber optic loop length 100 for a single fiber. Accuracy improves with the use of multiple co-located fiber loops, making false alarms virtually eliminated by CEL’s embedded, advanced designs and configurations.
Existing standard communications fiber infrastructures may be leveraged to connect a network of platforms, and multiple platforms may be leveraged to connect a network of platforms multiplexed over a single optical fiber while remaining individually addressable, simplifying the logistics and reducing the cost of installation.
3/27/2024
Many of us have fiber optic cable that delivers Internet access to our homes or offices. But optical fiber cable can be used for more than high-speed data transfer. I'm not talking about artwork or illumination but a vital security application: physical intrusion detection.
For example, fiber optic intrusion detection systemfiber optic intrusion detection systems are used in railway, mass-transit, and sub-way platforms. The platform senses movements along defined paths, and intrusion detection along hallways or in front of doorways or hatches that access secure areas.
The FiberStrike® LCM-940 pedestrian sensing platform uses UV light and fiber optic sensors to detect pedestrians in specific, secure locations, or restricted areas. The platform is a fiber-optic intrusion sensor system that can act as a “first alert” to trigger security cameras or alarms. The technology provides Point Detection Sensing to ascertain exact points of intrusion.
The use of fiber optic sensors as a physical security solution has multiple benefits. The key feature of FiberStrike® systems is the response time to an event which averages at 1.5 seconds. Since the sensors are passive, non-conductive, require no electrical power, and emit no signal, the connection will not be disrupted if power is cut. They cannot be bypassed without detection, and they are superior to traditional electro-mechanical sensors due to their resistance to electromagnetic and radio frequency interference, lightning, and corrosion.
The intrusion detection platform may be directly buried, providing the capability to determine the location of pedestrian and vehicle traffic intrusion events over distances of many kilometers. Intrusion event location accuracy is approximately equal to fiber optic loop length 100 for a single fiber. Accuracy improves with the use of multiple co-located fiber loops, making false alarms virtually eliminated by CEL’s embedded, advanced designs and configurations.
Existing standard communications fiber infrastructures may be leveraged to connect a network of platforms, and multiple platforms may be leveraged to connect a network of platforms multiplexed over a single optical fiber while remaining individually addressable, simplifying the logistics and reducing the cost of installation.
3/27/2024
Many of us have fiber optic cable that delivers Internet access to our homes or offices. But optical fiber cable can be used for more than high-speed data transfer. I'm not talking about artwork or illumination but a vital security application: physical intrusion detection.
To understand how this works, you need to know a little bit about fiber optic cable. There are two types of fiber: single-mode and multimode. Without getting deep into the weeds and mathematics of the transmission of light in the two types of fibers, there are some crucial differences:
Single-mode and multimode fiber can each be used for intrusion detection, but the mechanisms are significantly different. Vendors who sell intrusion detection schemes based on fiber keep their exact schemes proprietary, but the concepts are similar. For example, one factor the vendors keep confidential is determining whether the intrusion was by a pedestrian or a vehicle.
The beam profile of a single-mode (left) and a multimode (right) fiber
In the case of multimode fiber, the concept is straightforward: a laser sends light through the fiber (as when the fiber is used to transmit data). The light at the receiving end forms a speckle pattern when the fiber is undisturbed. When the fiber is under pressure or significantly bent, the pattern of the light at the receiving end changes. This allows a device at the receiving end to analyze the distortion and notify a monitoring device accordingly.
In the case of single-mode fiber, things get a bit more complicated. The nature of light traveling in a single path or mode through the fiber, no pattern at the receiving end can be disturbed. Instead, one wavelength or color of light is sent through the fiber in one direction, and another wavelength of light is sent in the other direction. Pressure on the cable changes the way the cable transmits light that can be detected at the end of the cable.
(Another technique involving light pulses has been used to detect earthquakes, which is beyond the scope of security uses.)
Using fiber optic cable for intrusion detection is not inexpensive, so when might it be appropriate? Significant applications are in areas where a clear view of a perimeter or internal area cannot be easily viewed directly.
Consider a facility where one or more portions of a perimeter border an area of dense vegetation such as a forest. In that case, the physical plant may want to erect a fence on that perimeter. A cable could be integrated with the fence or placed inside or outside it to detect vehicles or individuals at the fence or trying to cross it.
Inside a facility, a system might be deployed where there is little activity at a particular time of day. Specifically, a system might be used in a server room not generally occupied at night.
Rightly, organizations are often reluctant to discuss their specific security measures. That makes knowing how many and what types of fiber optic intrusion detection systems are in use. But a web search for vendors indicates that the market size is not trivial. Who knows, you or I may traverse such a system daily. But, if you do - knowingly or unknowingly - at least you know how it works.
Get wired into the latest Networking training and certification. Available In-Person, Online, or as Private Team Training!
This piece was originally posted on April 2, 2019, and has been refreshed with updated styling.
To understand how this works, you need to know a little bit about fiber optic cable. There are two types of fiber: single-mode and multimode. Without getting deep into the weeds and mathematics of the transmission of light in the two types of fibers, there are some crucial differences:
Single-mode and multimode fiber can each be used for intrusion detection, but the mechanisms are significantly different. Vendors who sell intrusion detection schemes based on fiber keep their exact schemes proprietary, but the concepts are similar. For example, one factor the vendors keep confidential is determining whether the intrusion was by a pedestrian or a vehicle.
The beam profile of a single-mode (left) and a multimode (right) fiber
In the case of multimode fiber, the concept is straightforward: a laser sends light through the fiber (as when the fiber is used to transmit data). The light at the receiving end forms a speckle pattern when the fiber is undisturbed. When the fiber is under pressure or significantly bent, the pattern of the light at the receiving end changes. This allows a device at the receiving end to analyze the distortion and notify a monitoring device accordingly.
In the case of single-mode fiber, things get a bit more complicated. The nature of light traveling in a single path or mode through the fiber, no pattern at the receiving end can be disturbed. Instead, one wavelength or color of light is sent through the fiber in one direction, and another wavelength of light is sent in the other direction. Pressure on the cable changes the way the cable transmits light that can be detected at the end of the cable.
(Another technique involving light pulses has been used to detect earthquakes, which is beyond the scope of security uses.)
Using fiber optic cable for intrusion detection is not inexpensive, so when might it be appropriate? Significant applications are in areas where a clear view of a perimeter or internal area cannot be easily viewed directly.
Consider a facility where one or more portions of a perimeter border an area of dense vegetation such as a forest. In that case, the physical plant may want to erect a fence on that perimeter. A cable could be integrated with the fence or placed inside or outside it to detect vehicles or individuals at the fence or trying to cross it.
Inside a facility, a system might be deployed where there is little activity at a particular time of day. Specifically, a system might be used in a server room not generally occupied at night.
Rightly, organizations are often reluctant to discuss their specific security measures. That makes knowing how many and what types of fiber optic intrusion detection systems are in use. But a web search for vendors indicates that the market size is not trivial. Who knows, you or I may traverse such a system daily. But, if you do - knowingly or unknowingly - at least you know how it works.
Get wired into the latest Networking training and certification. Available In-Person, Online, or as Private Team Training!
This piece was originally posted on April 2, 2019, and has been refreshed with updated styling.
If you are looking for more details, kindly visit RF970 precise positioning type fiber.