Tensile tests are standardized, quasistatic testing methods in which certain material parameters are measured. They are destructive methods, because the specimens to be tested are often loaded beyond the yield strength. Materials testing is performed by tensile testing machines and universal testing machines. The devices display one-dimensional movements in a stress-strain curve and a force-displacement curve. The determined parameters provide information on the properties and the tensile behavior of the tested materials. Which testing machine is used depends on the respective requirements. Machines range from table top systems (3 kN) to 50 kN systems equipped with a double spindle to tensile testing machines with high load capacities between 300 kN and kN.
Link to Cell Instruments
The standards applicable to tensile testing machines are the general standard DIN , DIN EN ISO -1 and DIN EN ISO -1 for metallic materials and ISO for plastics and rubber. DIN specifies which requirements apply to the materials of the tensile test specimen. For the failure strain, for some materials, the measurement length is used and for other materials, the proportionality factor is used. The purpose of the testing procedure is to find out, for example, what load the material can bear without plastically deforming and at what force the material is destroyed. Furthermore, the properties and the deformation behavior of hard foam, soft-elastic foam, rubber and fiber-reinforced composites are determined.
The cross section of the specimen used depends on the selected original material. If the steel has a high volume, a specimen with a round cross section is produced from the solid material. For materials testing of sheet metals, a flat tensile specimen is required (rectangular or square cross section). This testing procedure is preferably used in mechanical engineering because it also allows conclusions about other types of load.
If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Tensile Compression Tester.
Tensile tests can be performed with touching (clip-on extensometers) and non-contact measuring systems. With clip-on extensometers, at least two blades are applied to the specimen. These measure the elongation of the artifact clamped between them. Nowadays, non-contact measuring is performed with digital, optical extensometers. The sensor positioned in the measuring device captures the elongation. Such measuring devices have the advantage that they can also precisely capture very fast strains. Some models are also suited for measuring very hot materials. These extensometers can also be used for destructive tensile tests because they have enough distance to the artifact.
force capacity enables the testing of very large specimens all the way to failure
If you want to learn more, please visit our website Vibration Test Machine.
Read the Case Study