If you do have a dipstick and you're checking it yourself, make sure the car is parked on level ground. If the engine has been running, be aware of potential hot spots under the hood. Most automakers recommend checking the oil level when the engine is cool.
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With the engine off, open the car's hood and find the dipstick. Pull it out from the engine and wipe off any oil from its end with a dust-free cloth or towel. Then insert the dipstick back into its tube and push it all the way back in.
Pull it back out, and this time quickly look at both sides of the dipstick to see where the oil is on the end. Every dipstick has some way of indicating the proper oil level, whether it's two pinholes, the letters L and H (low and high), the words MIN and MAX, or simply an area of crosshatching. If the top of the oil 'streak' is between the two marks or within the crosshatched area, the level is fine.
If the oil is below the minimum mark, you need to add oil. (Use the oil type recommended in the owner's manual, adding no more than half a quart at a time. Let the car sit, then check again.)
Pay close attention to the old oil's color. It should appear brown or black. If it has a light, milky appearance, this could mean coolant is leaking into the engine. Look closely for any metal particles, too, because this could mean there's internal engine damage. If you see either of these conditions, take the car to a mechanic for further diagnosis.
If everything is okay, wipe off the dipstick again and insert it back into its tube, making sure it's fully seated. Close the hood and you're done.
If the oil is consistently low when checked, the engine is either burning the oil or leaking it. Either way, discuss this recurring problem with your mechanic.
Hydrogen is an energy source that emits no greenhouse gases when burned. The only waste product is water vapor, making it a cleaner energy source than fossil fuels, such as natural gas, oil, and coal.
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The drawback to hydrogen as a fuel source is that it's rarely found in an easily extractable form. Although hydrogen can be produced from a variety of sources, most methods emit greenhouse gases. On top of that, it's not yet made at the scale needed to be economically competitive with fossil fuels.
However, that could change in the coming years. Several companies are working hard to tap into the enormous promise of this potentially emission-free fuel.
There are several ways to produce hydrogen. Some methods produce carbon dioxide as a byproduct. For example, the industry describes hydrogen obtained from burning natural gas as "blue hydrogen." Using this form of hydrogen requires carbon capture and storage to sequester the associated carbon dioxide underground to eliminate greenhouse gas emissions.
Definition IconCarbon credits are tradeable permits that grant permission to emit a specific quantity of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases.
Another method uses renewable energy to power an electrolyzer that splits hydrogen from water molecules. This process produces "green hydrogen," which results in no carbon emissions. Green and blue are two of the many colors used to classify hydrogen by its production method and emissions profile.
Hydrogen fuel cells work much like batteries by generating electricity from an electrochemical reaction. However, instead of being recharged like a traditional battery, hydrogen fuel cells are refueled with more hydrogen. We could use hydrogen fuel cells to motorize vehicles (e.g., cars, trains, buses, maritime vessels, and trucks) and as a stationary power source.
Some advocates contend that with some modifications, hydrogen might eventually replace natural gas in the pipeline system. It could then be used in power plants to generate electricity and as a fuel source for our homes. Because of its potential, some forecasts peg the future value of the clean hydrogen market at as much as $11 trillion.
Although clean hydrogen holds great promise as a potential emissions-free fuel source, it's costly to produce. It costs about $1.50 per kilogram to produce hydrogen from natural gas and $5 per kilogram to produce clean hydrogen. The U.S. Department of Energy wants to get the cost of clean hydrogen down to $1 per kilogram over the next decade to make it a more competitive fuel source.
Given the potential of clean hydrogen, a growing number of companies are investing in the sector. Many energy and industrial companies are in the early stages of exploring the possibility of hydrogen energy.
However, a handful of companies are already emerging as early leaders in the sector. Here are five leading hydrogen companies to keep an eye on as the industry matures.
Data source: YCharts. Market cap data as of Dec. 8, . Hydrogen Stock Market Cap Air Products (NYSE:APD) $71.2 billion BP (NYSE:BP) $74.8 billion Plug Power (NASDAQ:PLUG) $2.2 billion Bloom Energy (NYSE:BE) $6.2 billion Linde (NASDAQ:LIN) $214.0 billionHere's a closer look at some of the best hydrogen stocks to buy as the sector starts taking center stage in the coming years.
Air Products (APD 0.62%) is a world leader in supplying industrial gases and liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing technology and equipment. It's also one of the world's largest suppliers of merchant hydrogen and a leader in hydrogen fuel infrastructure. It has more than 100 hydrogen plants with the capacity to produce 7 million kilograms of fuel each day.
Air Products aspires to be a leader in providing solutions to the world's energy and environmental challenges through gasification, carbon capture, and clean hydrogen. It has several major hydrogen projects underway that it expects to complete in the coming years.
For example, it's investing $4.5 billion to build the world's largest blue hydrogen facility in Louisiana. When it comes online in , the project will capture and permanently store more than 5 million metric tons of carbon dioxide per year. This project and others under development position Air Products to remain a leading global hydrogen energy company.
BP (BP 0.67%) is a global oil and gas producer with grand lower-carbon energy ambitions. It set a goal to be a net-zero company by or earlier.
Hydrogen is a crucial aspect of its strategy. BP intends to grow its hydrogen business by investing in five to 10 projects worldwide. By , it aims to produce 500,000 to 700,000 tons of low-carbon hydrogen annually.
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For example, the company partnered with Iberdrola to build a 25-megawatt green hydrogen project at its Castellon refinery. It expects the project to be operational in the second half of .
Plug Power (PLUG 11.3%) is a pioneer in the hydrogen fuel cell industry. It created the first commercially viable market for hydrogen fuel cell technology and has deployed an industry-leading 69,000 fuel cell systems for the e-mobility market (using electric powertrain technologies to power vehicles and fleets).
It's one of the world's largest hydrogen buyers and operates a leading hydrogen refueling network in North America with more than 250 fueling stations. Plug Power is building an end-to-end green hydrogen network to produce, store, and deliver the fuel across North America and Europe.
The company's strategy is to build the world's first green hydrogen ecosystem. Plug Power is developing several green hydrogen production plants it expects to be commercially operational by the end of .
Bloom Energy's (BE 5.42%) mission is to make clean, reliable, and affordable energy. The company has developed the Bloom Energy Server, an electric power-generation platform. It also created the Bloom Electrolyzer, using the same solid oxide technology as its Bloom Energy Server. The product can produce clean hydrogen 15% to 45% more efficiently than others on the market.
Bloom Energy believes the Bloom Electrolyzer is a major leap forward for hydrogen. It hopes the technology will enable heavy industries, such as steel, chemicals, cement, and glass manufacturing, to decarbonize. Bloom Energy can pair its Bloom Electrolyzer with solar energy and wind energy to generate green hydrogen it can store and eventually turn back into electricity for future use.
Linde (LIN 1.12%) has developed several technologies to efficiently compress and safely refuel hydrogen. It also offers technologies to lower hydrogen's carbon emissions through carbon capture and storage.
In , the company agreed to invest $1.8 billion to supply clean energy to a large-scale blue ammonia plant in Texas. Linde plans to build the carbon capture infrastructure needed to sequester more than 1.7 million metric tons of carbon dioxide per year, offsetting the emissions of the hydrogen supplied to the plant.
It signed a deal with oil giant ExxonMobil (XOM 0.34%) to transport and permanently store the captured carbon dioxide. The company expects the project to start in .
Linde also agreed to invest more than $2 billion to build a clean energy facility to support Dow's (DOW 2.15%) Path2Zero production complex in Canada. Linde expects to complete the facility in .
Hydrogen energy has enormous potential. The emissions-free fuel could help decarbonize heavy industry, replace natural gas, and store renewable energy, paving the way for a truly net-zero world. It represents a multitrillion-dollar market opportunity.
However, hydrogen is still developing as a commercially viable fuel source. The industry needs to scale up and reduce costs to become competitive with fossil fuels and other emerging technologies, like battery storage. Investors might want to watch the sector for a while to gauge which companies have the best chances of emerging as long-term winners.
Hydrogen stocks can be worth buying. The global hydrogen industry has tremendous growth potential. The fuel could one day replace natural gas for residential, commercial, and industrial usage.
It could also be an important low-carbon fuel for the transportation industry. If hydrogen lives up to its promise, companies focused on the sector could see significant revenue and earnings growth, giving their stocks the fuel to skyrocket in the future.
Linde is the largest hydrogen producer in the world. Its total liquid hydrogen production was 170 tons per day in .
In , Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) signed a green hydrogen supply deal with Plug Power. The agreement will provide the e-commerce giant with emissions-free fuel to power some of its fleet starting in . As part of the deal, Amazon received warrants to buy as many as 16 million shares in Plug Power.
As of late , two exchange-traded funds (ETFs) focus on hydrogen stocks: Global X Hydrogen ETF (NASDAQ: HYDR) and Defiance Next Gen H2 ETF (NYSEMKT: HDRO). These pure-play hydrogen ETFs are very small (each has less than $45 million of assets under management). They have reasonable ETF expense ratios (between 0.3% and 0.5%) and similar holdings (about 30 hydrogen stocks).
Matt DiLallo has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has positions in and recommends Linde. The Motley Fool recommends BP. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policyWant more information on bosch drill battery 18v? Feel free to contact us.